Jesus used his knowledge of Scripture to respond to the arguments that Satan put forward. In Jesus case this mainly came from the first books of what we now call the Old Testament. A detailed knowledge of scripture like that requires devotion of a lot of time to its memory. How else would Jesus have known so much.
Jesus also knew that he was not subject to Satan's commands, but that in fact Satan is subject to His commands. We too can command that Satan leaves us alone, and Satan will have to do just that.
When in the garden of Gethsemane Jesus was tempted to give up the mission that he had been working on for so long, his response was not to fight against Satan, but to pray to his father for strength to go through with what he had started, the work that God had given him to do.